Keywords
Cabo Ledo Turbidites Channel;
Oligacene And Miocene Kwanza Basin;
Angola
Oligacene And Miocene Kwanza Basin;
Angola
How to Cite
CAUXEIRO, C.; LOPEZ, M.; MIGUEL, A.; CAETANO, ÁURIA; CAUXEIRO, G. The Oligocene to Miocene Turbidite Deposits of the Cabo Ledo, Inner Kwanza Basin, Angola: Stratigraphic Architecture And Sedimentary Processes. Angolan Mineral, Oil & Gas Journal, v. 3, n. 3, p. 42–47, 1 Sep. 2022.
Abstract
The stratigraphic architecture of the deep to upper sedimentary processes and reservoir geometry in Angola margin was well displayed in Cabo Ledo area. During the Cenozoic time, the eastern part of the Kwanza basin was submitted to an overall uplift that led to the continentalization of the domain and the outcropping of slope to deep sea deposits along well exposed coastal cliffs. This so called Inner Kwanza basin represents an exceptional area to calibrate and accurate the sedimentary architecture of the time-equivalent turbidite complexes imaged on seismic and drillholes from the deep offshore. In particular, in the central domain, the series is slightly tilted toward the north showing an overall shallowing upward sequence from Oligocene lower slope to Miocene shelf deposits. On this area, the turbidite deposits display two mains stratigraphic architectures clearly linked to the geodynamic of the margin. In the South from Cabo de São Braz to Cabo Ledo, the Oligocene to Lower Miocene series corresponds to a lower slope channel-levee network clearly controlled by the growth of diapirs. Constructional and erosional systems are both visible with typical facies assemblages, including mass-transported deposits linked to the destabilization of the flanks of the diapirs. The channel margins show a peculiar bioclastic sandstone facies intensely burrowed by Thalassinoïdes and Ophiomorpha, which indicate carbonate sand cascading from the shelf edge and partial colonization by conveyed resistant fauna.
References
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Anka, Z., 2004. Evolution de l’éventail sous-marin du Zaire (Congo) depuis le Crétacé. Interactions avec la marge continentale du Golfe de Guinée. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Montpellier II, 213 pp. (in French).
Anka, Z., Séranne, M., 2004. Reconnaissance study of the ancient Zaire (Congo) deep-sea fan (ZaiAngo Project). Marine Geology (2009), 223-244.
Anka, Z., Séranne, M., Lopez, M., Scheck-Wenderoth, M., Savoye, B., 2009. The long-term evolution of the Congo deep-sea fan: A basin-wide view of the interaction between a giant submarine fan and a mature passive margin (ZaiAngo Project). Tectonophysics 470, 42-56.
Armitage, D., McHargue, T., Fildani, A., Graham, S., 2012. Postavulsion channel evolution: Niger Delta continental slope. AAPG Bulletin, v. 96 Nº. 5, pp. 823-843.
49
Babonneau, N., Savoye, B., Cremer, M., Klein, B., 2002. Morphology and architecture of the present canyon and channel system of the Zaire deep-sea fan. Marine and Petroleum Geology 19 (4), 445-467.
Babonneau, N., Savoye, B., Cremer, Bez, M., 2010. Sedimentary architecture in meanders of a submarine channel: Detailed study of the present Congo Turbidite channel (Zaiango Project). Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 80 Nº 10, pp. 852-866.
Broucke, O., Temple, F., Rouby, D., Robin, C., Calassous, S., Nalpas, T., Guillocheau, F., 2004. The role of deformation processes on the geometry of mud-dominated turbiditic systems, Oligocene and Lower-Middle Miocene of the Lower Congo Basin (West African Margin). Marine and Petroleum Geology 21 (3), 327-348.
Droz, L., Rigaut, F., Cochonat, P., Tofani, R., 1996. Morphology and recent evolution of the Zaire turbidite system (Gulf of Guinea). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 108, 253-269.
Droz, L., Marsset, T., Ondréas, H., Lopez, M., Savoye, B., Spy-Anderson, F.L., 2003. Architecture of an active mud-rich turbidite system: the Zaire Fan (Congo-Angola margin southeast Atlantic). Results from ZaiAngo 1 and 2 cruises. AAPG Bulletin 87 (7), 1145-1168.
Gay, A., Lopez, M., Cochinat, P., Sermondadaz, G., 2004, Polygonal faults-furrows system related to early stages of compaction – upper Miocene to recent sediments of the Lower Congo Basin. Basin Research 16 (1), 101-116.
Gay, A., Lopez, M., Cochinat, P., Séranne, M., Levache, D., Sermondadaz, G., 2006. Isolated sea-floor pockmarks linked to BSRs, fluid chimneys, polygonal faults and stacked Oligocene-Miocene turbiditic paleochannels in the Lower Congo Basin. Marine Geology 226 (1-2), 25-40.
Gee, M.J.R., Gawthorpe, R.L., 2006. Submarine channels controlled by salt tectonics: Examples from 3D seismic data offshore Angola. Marine and Petroleum Geology 23, 443-458.
Guiraud, R., Maurin, J., 1992. Early Cretaceous rift of western and central Africa: an overview. Tectonophysics 213, 153-168.
Gupta, R., Cheret, T., Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., 2008. Automated geomodelling a Nigeria case study. 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 9-12 June, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Extended Abstract, B020.
Karner, G.D., Driscoll, N.W., 1999. Tectonic and stratigraphic development of the West African and eastern Brazilian Margins: insights from quantitative basin modeling. In: Cameron,, N.R., Bate, R.H., Clure, V.S. (Eds), The Oil and Gas Habitats of the South Atlantic. Geological Society, London, pp. 11-40.
Laurent, D., Gay, A., Baudon, C., Berndt, C., Soliva, R., Planke, S., Mourgues, R., Lacaze, S., Pauget, F., Mangue, M., Lopez, M., 2012. High-resolution architecture oa a polygonal fault interval inferred from geomodel applied to 3D seismic data from the Gjallar Ridge, Voring Basin, Offshore Norway. Marine Geology, 1-18.
Lavier, L.L., Steckler, M.S., Brigaud, F., 2000. An improved method for reconstructing the stratigraphy and bathymetry of continental margins: application to Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary history of the Congo margin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 84, 923-939.
Lemaire, R., Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., Cheret, T., Mangue, M., Horno Kort, C., 2010. A multiscale approach on large seismic volumes – Tunisia case study. 72nd 71st Conference and Exhibition of the European Association of Geoscientist and Engineers (SPE EUROPEC 2010), Barcelona, Spain. EAGE Extended Abstract.
Lopez, M., 2009. RG Montpellier - Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy. Handbook of sedimentology – unpublished.
Lopez, M., 2001. Architecture and depositional pattern of the Quaternary deep-sea fan of the Amazon. Marine and Petroleum Geology 18, 479-486.
Marton, L.G., Tari, G.C., Lehmann, C.T., 2000. Evolution of the Angola passive margin, West Africa, with emphasis on post-salt structural styles. In: Mohriak, W., Talwani, M. (Eds), Atlantic rifts and continental margins. Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, pp. 129-149.
Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., Valding, T., 2009. A global approach in seismic interpretation based on cost function minimization. SEG International Exposition and 79th Annual meeting, 25-30 Oct., Houston, Texas: Eextened Abstract, 28, nº. 1, pp. 2592-2596.
Porter, M.L., Spargue, A.R.G., Sullivan, M.D., Jennette. D.C., Beaubouef, R.T., Garfield T.R., Rossen, C., Sickafoose, D.K., Jensen, G.N., Friedmann, S.J., Mohrig, D.C., 2006. Stratigraphic organization and predictability of mixed coarse- and fine-grained lithophacies successions in a lower Miocene deep-water slope-channel system, Angola Block 15. In: Harris, P.M., Weber, I.J., eds., Giant hydrocarbon reservoir of the world: From Rocks to reservoir chacterization and modeling: AAPG Memoir 88/SEPM Special Publication, pp. 281-305.
Savoye, B., Cochonat, P., Apprioual, R., Bain, O., Baltzer, A., Bellec, V., Beuzart, P., Bourillet, J.F., Cagna, R., Cremer, M., Crusson, A., Dennielou, B., Diebler, D., Droz, L., Ennes, J.C., Floch, G., Foucher, J.P., Guiomar, M., Harmegnies, F., Kerbart, R., Klein, B., Khun, H., Landure, J.Y., Lasnier, C., Le Drezen, E., Le Formal, J.P., Lopez, M., Loubrieu, B., Marsset, T., Migeon, S., Normand, A., Nouze, H., Ondréas, H., Pelleau, P., Saget, P., Séranne, M., Sibuet, J.C., Tofani, R., Voisset, M., 2000. Structure et évolution récentr de l’éventail turbiditique du Zaire: premiers résultats scientifiques des missions d’exploration ZaiAngo 1 & 2 (Marge Congo-Angola). Comptes-Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de la Terre 331, 211-220.
Savoye, B., Babonneau, N., Dennielou, B., Bez, M., 2009. Geological overview of the Angola-Congo margin, the Congo deep-sea fan and its submarine valleys. Deep-sea Reserch II 56 2169-2182.
Schmidt, I., Lacaze, S., Pauget, F., Docherty, M., 2010. Innovative 3D seismic interpretation and reservoir model construction using PaleoScan technology; a successful application in Angola. Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting, 31 Oct.-3 Nov., Denver, CO, United States (USA), pp. 485-486.
Sikkema, W., Wojcik, K.M., 2000. 3D visualization of turbidite systems, Lower Congo Basin, Offshore Angola. In: Weimer, P., Slatt, R.M., Coleman, J., Rosen, N.C., Nelson, H., Bouma, A.H., Styzen, M.J., Lawrence, D.T. (Eds.), Deep-water Reservoirs of the World. GCSSEPM Foundation 20th Annual Research Conference, pp. 928-939.
Turakiewicz, G., 2004. Mécanismes forcants dans les éventails turbiditiques de marges mature – Exemple de l’éventail Quaternaire du Congo. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Montpellier II, 367 pp. (in French).
Uchupi, E., 1992. Angola Basin: geohistory and construction of the continental rise. In: Poag, C.W., Graciansky, P.C.d. (Eds.), Geologic Evolution of Atlantic Continental Rises. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 77-99
Anka, Z., 2004. Evolution de l’éventail sous-marin du Zaire (Congo) depuis le Crétacé. Interactions avec la marge continentale du Golfe de Guinée. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Montpellier II, 213 pp. (in French).
Anka, Z., Séranne, M., 2004. Reconnaissance study of the ancient Zaire (Congo) deep-sea fan (ZaiAngo Project). Marine Geology (2009), 223-244.
Anka, Z., Séranne, M., Lopez, M., Scheck-Wenderoth, M., Savoye, B., 2009. The long-term evolution of the Congo deep-sea fan: A basin-wide view of the interaction between a giant submarine fan and a mature passive margin (ZaiAngo Project). Tectonophysics 470, 42-56.
Armitage, D., McHargue, T., Fildani, A., Graham, S., 2012. Postavulsion channel evolution: Niger Delta continental slope. AAPG Bulletin, v. 96 Nº. 5, pp. 823-843.
49
Babonneau, N., Savoye, B., Cremer, M., Klein, B., 2002. Morphology and architecture of the present canyon and channel system of the Zaire deep-sea fan. Marine and Petroleum Geology 19 (4), 445-467.
Babonneau, N., Savoye, B., Cremer, Bez, M., 2010. Sedimentary architecture in meanders of a submarine channel: Detailed study of the present Congo Turbidite channel (Zaiango Project). Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 80 Nº 10, pp. 852-866.
Broucke, O., Temple, F., Rouby, D., Robin, C., Calassous, S., Nalpas, T., Guillocheau, F., 2004. The role of deformation processes on the geometry of mud-dominated turbiditic systems, Oligocene and Lower-Middle Miocene of the Lower Congo Basin (West African Margin). Marine and Petroleum Geology 21 (3), 327-348.
Droz, L., Rigaut, F., Cochonat, P., Tofani, R., 1996. Morphology and recent evolution of the Zaire turbidite system (Gulf of Guinea). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 108, 253-269.
Droz, L., Marsset, T., Ondréas, H., Lopez, M., Savoye, B., Spy-Anderson, F.L., 2003. Architecture of an active mud-rich turbidite system: the Zaire Fan (Congo-Angola margin southeast Atlantic). Results from ZaiAngo 1 and 2 cruises. AAPG Bulletin 87 (7), 1145-1168.
Gay, A., Lopez, M., Cochinat, P., Sermondadaz, G., 2004, Polygonal faults-furrows system related to early stages of compaction – upper Miocene to recent sediments of the Lower Congo Basin. Basin Research 16 (1), 101-116.
Gay, A., Lopez, M., Cochinat, P., Séranne, M., Levache, D., Sermondadaz, G., 2006. Isolated sea-floor pockmarks linked to BSRs, fluid chimneys, polygonal faults and stacked Oligocene-Miocene turbiditic paleochannels in the Lower Congo Basin. Marine Geology 226 (1-2), 25-40.
Gee, M.J.R., Gawthorpe, R.L., 2006. Submarine channels controlled by salt tectonics: Examples from 3D seismic data offshore Angola. Marine and Petroleum Geology 23, 443-458.
Guiraud, R., Maurin, J., 1992. Early Cretaceous rift of western and central Africa: an overview. Tectonophysics 213, 153-168.
Gupta, R., Cheret, T., Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., 2008. Automated geomodelling a Nigeria case study. 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 9-12 June, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Extended Abstract, B020.
Karner, G.D., Driscoll, N.W., 1999. Tectonic and stratigraphic development of the West African and eastern Brazilian Margins: insights from quantitative basin modeling. In: Cameron,, N.R., Bate, R.H., Clure, V.S. (Eds), The Oil and Gas Habitats of the South Atlantic. Geological Society, London, pp. 11-40.
Laurent, D., Gay, A., Baudon, C., Berndt, C., Soliva, R., Planke, S., Mourgues, R., Lacaze, S., Pauget, F., Mangue, M., Lopez, M., 2012. High-resolution architecture oa a polygonal fault interval inferred from geomodel applied to 3D seismic data from the Gjallar Ridge, Voring Basin, Offshore Norway. Marine Geology, 1-18.
Lavier, L.L., Steckler, M.S., Brigaud, F., 2000. An improved method for reconstructing the stratigraphy and bathymetry of continental margins: application to Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary history of the Congo margin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 84, 923-939.
Lemaire, R., Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., Cheret, T., Mangue, M., Horno Kort, C., 2010. A multiscale approach on large seismic volumes – Tunisia case study. 72nd 71st Conference and Exhibition of the European Association of Geoscientist and Engineers (SPE EUROPEC 2010), Barcelona, Spain. EAGE Extended Abstract.
Lopez, M., 2009. RG Montpellier - Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy. Handbook of sedimentology – unpublished.
Lopez, M., 2001. Architecture and depositional pattern of the Quaternary deep-sea fan of the Amazon. Marine and Petroleum Geology 18, 479-486.
Marton, L.G., Tari, G.C., Lehmann, C.T., 2000. Evolution of the Angola passive margin, West Africa, with emphasis on post-salt structural styles. In: Mohriak, W., Talwani, M. (Eds), Atlantic rifts and continental margins. Geophysical Monograph. American Geophysical Union, pp. 129-149.
Pauget, F., Lacaze, S., Valding, T., 2009. A global approach in seismic interpretation based on cost function minimization. SEG International Exposition and 79th Annual meeting, 25-30 Oct., Houston, Texas: Eextened Abstract, 28, nº. 1, pp. 2592-2596.
Porter, M.L., Spargue, A.R.G., Sullivan, M.D., Jennette. D.C., Beaubouef, R.T., Garfield T.R., Rossen, C., Sickafoose, D.K., Jensen, G.N., Friedmann, S.J., Mohrig, D.C., 2006. Stratigraphic organization and predictability of mixed coarse- and fine-grained lithophacies successions in a lower Miocene deep-water slope-channel system, Angola Block 15. In: Harris, P.M., Weber, I.J., eds., Giant hydrocarbon reservoir of the world: From Rocks to reservoir chacterization and modeling: AAPG Memoir 88/SEPM Special Publication, pp. 281-305.
Savoye, B., Cochonat, P., Apprioual, R., Bain, O., Baltzer, A., Bellec, V., Beuzart, P., Bourillet, J.F., Cagna, R., Cremer, M., Crusson, A., Dennielou, B., Diebler, D., Droz, L., Ennes, J.C., Floch, G., Foucher, J.P., Guiomar, M., Harmegnies, F., Kerbart, R., Klein, B., Khun, H., Landure, J.Y., Lasnier, C., Le Drezen, E., Le Formal, J.P., Lopez, M., Loubrieu, B., Marsset, T., Migeon, S., Normand, A., Nouze, H., Ondréas, H., Pelleau, P., Saget, P., Séranne, M., Sibuet, J.C., Tofani, R., Voisset, M., 2000. Structure et évolution récentr de l’éventail turbiditique du Zaire: premiers résultats scientifiques des missions d’exploration ZaiAngo 1 & 2 (Marge Congo-Angola). Comptes-Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de la Terre 331, 211-220.
Savoye, B., Babonneau, N., Dennielou, B., Bez, M., 2009. Geological overview of the Angola-Congo margin, the Congo deep-sea fan and its submarine valleys. Deep-sea Reserch II 56 2169-2182.
Schmidt, I., Lacaze, S., Pauget, F., Docherty, M., 2010. Innovative 3D seismic interpretation and reservoir model construction using PaleoScan technology; a successful application in Angola. Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting, 31 Oct.-3 Nov., Denver, CO, United States (USA), pp. 485-486.
Sikkema, W., Wojcik, K.M., 2000. 3D visualization of turbidite systems, Lower Congo Basin, Offshore Angola. In: Weimer, P., Slatt, R.M., Coleman, J., Rosen, N.C., Nelson, H., Bouma, A.H., Styzen, M.J., Lawrence, D.T. (Eds.), Deep-water Reservoirs of the World. GCSSEPM Foundation 20th Annual Research Conference, pp. 928-939.
Turakiewicz, G., 2004. Mécanismes forcants dans les éventails turbiditiques de marges mature – Exemple de l’éventail Quaternaire du Congo. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Montpellier II, 367 pp. (in French).
Uchupi, E., 1992. Angola Basin: geohistory and construction of the continental rise. In: Poag, C.W., Graciansky, P.C.d. (Eds.), Geologic Evolution of Atlantic Continental Rises. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 77-99
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