Keywords
Biomass;
Char;
Combustion;
Diffusion;
Fluidized bed;
Glycerol;
Kinetics.
Char;
Combustion;
Diffusion;
Fluidized bed;
Glycerol;
Kinetics.
How to Cite
COSTA, N.; FERREIRA, V.; PINHO, C. Preliminary Study of Fluidized Bed Combustion to Determine Diffusive and Kinetic Data of Char Pellets from Eucalyptus and Grapevine Additivated with Glycerol. Angolan Mineral, Oil & Gas Journal, v. 3, n. 3, p. 1-9, 24 May 2022.
Abstract
Kinetic and diffusive data of fluidized combustion of biochars pellets made from eucalyptus with 5 % and 21.4 % (w/w) glycerol additive and grapevine with 5 % (w/w) glycerol additive, were determined. These biomass pellets were pyrolized at 850 ºC in a bed fluidized with N2. Batches of biochar particles were burned at four bed temperatures, 750, 820, 850 and 900 ºC, at twice the minimum bed fluidization velocity. From the carbon dioxide concentration evolution in the combustion gases, the global combustion resistance was calculated. The combustion of the three biochars was controlled predominantly by diffusion. It was not possible to determine the controlling mechanism of the reaction at 900 ºC, since the addition of glycerol to the biomass weakened the coal in such a way that the fragmentation phenomena started to control the combustion process.
References
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[25] Marques, E., Pereira, C., Paiva, J., Pinho, C. and Ferreira, T. (2017). Fluidized bed combustion of char pellets made from blends of shrubs and cork residues. 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering- COBEM 2017, 3rd to 8 th December, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
[26] Pereira, C. and Pinho, C. (2015). Analysis of the fluidized bed combustion behavior of Quercus ilex char. Applied Thermal Engineering, 81, 346–352.
[27] Marques, E., Ferreira, T., Pereira, C., Paiva, J. M. and Pinho, C. (2019). Analysis of Kinetic and Diffusive Data from the Combustion of Char Pellets Made with Hybrid Mixtures. Energy, 181, 1179-1188.
[28] Silva, M.V, Ferreira, V., Sanches, A. and Pinho, C. (2019). Thermal Performance and Combustion Hygiene of a Briquette Burning Domestic Boiler. Revista Mecânica Experimental, 31, 61-72.
[29] Morgado, G., Ferreira, V, Sanches, A. and Pinho, C. (2019). Thermal Performance of a Domestic Boiler Burning Briquettes Made from Pruning Wastes, (COB-2019-0124). COBEM 2019 – 25th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 20 th to 25 th October 2019, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
[30] Moreira, D., Ferreira, V., Resende, P. R. and Pinho, C. (2020). Determination of kinetic data through the fluidized bed combustion of chars made from vine and kiwi pruning wastes. Energy Reports, 6, 615-619.
[31] Mateus, S., Ferreira, V., Sanches, A., Resende, P. and Pinho, C. (2021). Determination of combustion kinetic data of some agricultural wastes from the Galicia-Northern Portugal Euroregion. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 12(6), 3091-3107.
[32] Verma, D., Fortunati, E., Jain, S., and Zhang, X. (2019). Biomass, Biopolymer-Based Materials, and Bioenergy. Construction, Biomedical, and Other Industrial Applications. Woodhead Publishing, UK.
[33] Basu, P., Broughton, J. and Elliott, D. E. (1975). Combustion of single coal particles in fluidized beds. Institute of Fuel Symposium Series no. 1: Fluidised Combustion. Paper A3.
[34] Chakraborty, R. K. and Howard, J. R. (1978). Burning rates and temperatures of carbon particles in a shallow fluidized-bed combustor. Journal of the Institute of Fuel, December 1978, 220-224.
[35] Pinho, C. (2006). Fragmentation on batches of coke or char particles during fluidized bed combustion. Chemical Engineering Journal, 115(3), 147-155.
[36] Alves, A. M., Pereira, J. S. and Silva, J. M. N. (2007). O Eucaliptal em Portugal: Impactes Ambientais e Investigação Científica. Publisher: ISA Press Editors. Lisbon, Portugal
[37] Marques, J. T. (2018 ). A expansão descontrolada do eucalipto em Portugal: "E pur si muove". Accessed on the 18th March 2020, http://www.mediotejo.net/a-expansao-descontrolada-do-eucalipto-em-portugal-e-pur-si-muove-por-jose-trincao-marques/.
[38] TSF. (2018). Eucaliptos dominam 86% das plantações de árvores em Portugal. Accessed on the 18th March 2020, https://www.tsf.pt/sociedade/ambiente/eucaliptos-dominam-86-das-plantacoes-de-arvores-em-portugal-9521579.html.
[39] Negócios. (2017). Portugal tem a quarta maior área de vinha da Europa. Accessed on the 18th March 2020, https://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/empresas/agricultura-e-pescas/vinho/detalhe/portugal-tem-a-quarta-maior-area-de-vinha-da-europa.
[40] Almeida, A., Ribeiro, A., Ramalho, E. and Pilão, R. (2018). Crude glycerol gasification in a fixed bed gasifier. Energy Procedia, 153, 149-153.
[41] Demir, V. G., Yaman, P., Efe, M. O. and Yukset, H. (2016). Production of Bio-pellets Derived from Sawdust and Crude Glycerol. ICOEST - International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 28th September - 2nd October, Belgrade, Serbia.
[42] Anitha, M., Kamarudin, S. K. and Kofli, N. T. (2016). The potential of glycerol as a value-added commodity. Chemical Engineering Journal, 295, 119-130.
[43] Bala-Litwiniak, A. and Radomiak, H. (2018). Possibility of the Utilization of Waste Glycerol as an Addition to Wood Pellets. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 10(8): 2193-2199.
[44] González, W. A., López, D. and Pérez, J. F. (2020). Biofuel quality analysis of fallen leaf pellets: Effect of moisture and glycerol contents as binders. Renewable Energy, 147, 1139-1150.
[45] Riaza, J, Gibbins, J and Chalmers, H. (2017). Ignition and combustion of single particles of coal and biomass. Fuel, 202, 650-655.
[46] Hesketh, R. P. and Davidson, J. F. (1991). The effect of volatiles on the combustion of char in a fluidised bed. Chemical Engineering Science, 46, 3101–3113.
[47] Ribeiro, L. and Pinho, C. (2004.) Generic behaviour of propane combustion in fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 82, 1597–1603.
[48] Pinho, C. M. C. T. and Carvalho, J. R. F. G. (1984). The Combustion of Coke Particles in a Fluidised Bed – Some Aspects of Kinetic Data Collection. I. Chem. E. Symposium Series, 87, 77-84.
[49] Tomé, N. P. (2011). Obtenção de Dados Cinéticos e Difusivos para a Queima de Biomassa de Origem Moçambicana. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
[50] Chirone, R., Cammarota, A., D'Amore, M. and Massimilla, L. (1982). Elutriation of Attrited Carbon Fines in Fluidized Combustion of Coal. Nineteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1283.
[51] Silva, M. V., Ferreira, V. and Pinho, C. (2021). Determination of biomass combustion rate in a domestic fixed bed boiler. AIMS Energy, 9(5), 1067–1096.
[2] Scala, F. and Chirone, R. (2006). Combustion and Attrition of Biomass Chars in a Fluidized Bed. Energy and Fuels, 20, 91-102.
[3] Basu, P (2006). Combustion and Gasification in Fluidized Beds. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA.
[4] Van Loo, S. and Koppejan, J. (2008). The Handbook of Biomass Combustion and Co-firing. Earthscan, London, UK.
[5] Avedesian, M. M. and Davidson, J. F. (1973). Combustion of carbon particles in a fluidised bed. Trans. Instn Chem. Engrs., 51, 121-131.
[6] Ross, I. B., Patel, M. S. and Davidson, J. F. (1981). The Temperature of Burning Carbon Particles in F. Trans. Instn. Chem. Engrs., 59, 83-88.
[7] Ross, I. B. and Davidson, J. F. (1981). The Combustion of Carbon Particles in a Fluidised Bed. Trans. Instn. Chem. Engrs., 59, 108-114.
[8] Rangel, N. and Pinho, C. (2009). Considerations on Experimental Studies of Vegetable Char Combustion in Fluidized Bed, International Journal on Energy for a Clean Environment, 10 (1-4), 203-215.
[9] Rangel, N. and Pinho, C. (2011). Kinetic and diffusive data from batch combustion of wood chars in fluidized bed. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35 (10), 4124-4133.
[10] Jenkins, B. M., Baxter, L. L., Jr, T. R. M. and Miles, T. R. (1998). Combustion properties of biomass. Fuel Processing Technology, 54, 17-46.
[11] Scala, F., Salatino, P. and Chirone, R. (2000). Fluidized Bed Combustion of a Biomass Char (Robinia pseudoacacia). Energy and Fuels, 14, 781-790.
[12] Diego, L. F., García-Labiano, F., Abad, A., Gayán, P. and Adánez, J. (2002). Coupled drying and devolatilisation of non-spherical wet pine wood particles in fluidised beds. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 65, 173-184.
[13] Jones, J. M., Darvell, L. I., Bridgeman, T. G., Pourkashanian, M. and Williams, A. (2007). An investigation of the thermal and catalytic behaviour of potassium in biomass combustion. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 31(2), 1955-1963.
[14] Fuentes, M. E., Nowakowski, D. J., Kubacki, M. L., Cove, J. M., Bridgeman, T. G. and Jones, J. M. (2008). Survey of influence of biomass mineral matter in thermochemical conversion of short rotation willow coppice. Journal of the Energy Institute, 81(4), 234-241.
[15] Santos, F. J. and Goldstein, L. (2008). Experimental aspects of biomass fuels in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 47(9-10), 1541-1549.
[16] Lu, H., Ip, E., Scott, J., Foster, P., Vickers, M. and Baxter, L. L. (2010). Effects of particle shape and size on devolatilization of biomass particle. Fuel, 89(5), 1156-1168.
[17] Rangel, N. and Pinho, C. (2010). Fragmentation effects on batches of pine wood char burning in a fluidized bed. Energy and Fuels, 24, 318-323.
[18] Ramos, M., Rangel, N. and Pinho, C. (2011). Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Selected Wood Chars from the Semi-arid Northeastern Region of Brazil. Energy and Fuels, 26(1), 400-406.
[19] Tomé, N., Rangel, N. and Pinho, C. (2013). Reactivity of Biomass Chars from Mozambique in a Fluidized Bed Combustor, International Review of Chemical Engineering (I.RE.CH.E.), 5 (2), 121-125.
[20] Pereira, C. and Pinho, C. (2013). Determination of fluidized bed combustion kinetic and diffusive data of four wood chars from the central region of Portugal”. Energy and Fuels, 27, 7521-7530.
[21] Pereira, C. C. and Pinho, C. (2014). Influence of particle fragmentation and non-sphericity on the determination of diffusive and kinetic fluidized bed biochar combustion data. Fuel, 131, 77-88.
[22] Ferreira, T., Marques, E., Almeida, D. Pereira, C, Paiva, J.M. and Pinho, C. (2014). Monitoring Fluidization Quality and Combustion Efficiency of Invasive Species Pellets. 15th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering - ENCIT2014, 10 to 13 November, Belém, PA, Brazil.
[23] Pinho, C., Ferreira, T., Marques, E. Almeida, D., Pereira, C. and Paiva, J.M. (2014). Obtaining Diffusive and Kinetic Data from Batch Combustion of Invasive Species Char Pellets, 15th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering - ENCIT2014, 10th to 13th November, Belém, PA, Brazil.
[24] Pinho, C. Ferreira, T, Pereira, C. and Paiva, J. M. (2015). Combustion of Invasive Acacia Dealbata Char Pellets – Determination of Diffusive and Kinetic Data. 23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering – COBEM 2015, 6 th to 11 th December, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[25] Marques, E., Pereira, C., Paiva, J., Pinho, C. and Ferreira, T. (2017). Fluidized bed combustion of char pellets made from blends of shrubs and cork residues. 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering- COBEM 2017, 3rd to 8 th December, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
[26] Pereira, C. and Pinho, C. (2015). Analysis of the fluidized bed combustion behavior of Quercus ilex char. Applied Thermal Engineering, 81, 346–352.
[27] Marques, E., Ferreira, T., Pereira, C., Paiva, J. M. and Pinho, C. (2019). Analysis of Kinetic and Diffusive Data from the Combustion of Char Pellets Made with Hybrid Mixtures. Energy, 181, 1179-1188.
[28] Silva, M.V, Ferreira, V., Sanches, A. and Pinho, C. (2019). Thermal Performance and Combustion Hygiene of a Briquette Burning Domestic Boiler. Revista Mecânica Experimental, 31, 61-72.
[29] Morgado, G., Ferreira, V, Sanches, A. and Pinho, C. (2019). Thermal Performance of a Domestic Boiler Burning Briquettes Made from Pruning Wastes, (COB-2019-0124). COBEM 2019 – 25th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 20 th to 25 th October 2019, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
[30] Moreira, D., Ferreira, V., Resende, P. R. and Pinho, C. (2020). Determination of kinetic data through the fluidized bed combustion of chars made from vine and kiwi pruning wastes. Energy Reports, 6, 615-619.
[31] Mateus, S., Ferreira, V., Sanches, A., Resende, P. and Pinho, C. (2021). Determination of combustion kinetic data of some agricultural wastes from the Galicia-Northern Portugal Euroregion. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 12(6), 3091-3107.
[32] Verma, D., Fortunati, E., Jain, S., and Zhang, X. (2019). Biomass, Biopolymer-Based Materials, and Bioenergy. Construction, Biomedical, and Other Industrial Applications. Woodhead Publishing, UK.
[33] Basu, P., Broughton, J. and Elliott, D. E. (1975). Combustion of single coal particles in fluidized beds. Institute of Fuel Symposium Series no. 1: Fluidised Combustion. Paper A3.
[34] Chakraborty, R. K. and Howard, J. R. (1978). Burning rates and temperatures of carbon particles in a shallow fluidized-bed combustor. Journal of the Institute of Fuel, December 1978, 220-224.
[35] Pinho, C. (2006). Fragmentation on batches of coke or char particles during fluidized bed combustion. Chemical Engineering Journal, 115(3), 147-155.
[36] Alves, A. M., Pereira, J. S. and Silva, J. M. N. (2007). O Eucaliptal em Portugal: Impactes Ambientais e Investigação Científica. Publisher: ISA Press Editors. Lisbon, Portugal
[37] Marques, J. T. (2018 ). A expansão descontrolada do eucalipto em Portugal: "E pur si muove". Accessed on the 18th March 2020, http://www.mediotejo.net/a-expansao-descontrolada-do-eucalipto-em-portugal-e-pur-si-muove-por-jose-trincao-marques/.
[38] TSF. (2018). Eucaliptos dominam 86% das plantações de árvores em Portugal. Accessed on the 18th March 2020, https://www.tsf.pt/sociedade/ambiente/eucaliptos-dominam-86-das-plantacoes-de-arvores-em-portugal-9521579.html.
[39] Negócios. (2017). Portugal tem a quarta maior área de vinha da Europa. Accessed on the 18th March 2020, https://www.jornaldenegocios.pt/empresas/agricultura-e-pescas/vinho/detalhe/portugal-tem-a-quarta-maior-area-de-vinha-da-europa.
[40] Almeida, A., Ribeiro, A., Ramalho, E. and Pilão, R. (2018). Crude glycerol gasification in a fixed bed gasifier. Energy Procedia, 153, 149-153.
[41] Demir, V. G., Yaman, P., Efe, M. O. and Yukset, H. (2016). Production of Bio-pellets Derived from Sawdust and Crude Glycerol. ICOEST - International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 28th September - 2nd October, Belgrade, Serbia.
[42] Anitha, M., Kamarudin, S. K. and Kofli, N. T. (2016). The potential of glycerol as a value-added commodity. Chemical Engineering Journal, 295, 119-130.
[43] Bala-Litwiniak, A. and Radomiak, H. (2018). Possibility of the Utilization of Waste Glycerol as an Addition to Wood Pellets. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 10(8): 2193-2199.
[44] González, W. A., López, D. and Pérez, J. F. (2020). Biofuel quality analysis of fallen leaf pellets: Effect of moisture and glycerol contents as binders. Renewable Energy, 147, 1139-1150.
[45] Riaza, J, Gibbins, J and Chalmers, H. (2017). Ignition and combustion of single particles of coal and biomass. Fuel, 202, 650-655.
[46] Hesketh, R. P. and Davidson, J. F. (1991). The effect of volatiles on the combustion of char in a fluidised bed. Chemical Engineering Science, 46, 3101–3113.
[47] Ribeiro, L. and Pinho, C. (2004.) Generic behaviour of propane combustion in fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 82, 1597–1603.
[48] Pinho, C. M. C. T. and Carvalho, J. R. F. G. (1984). The Combustion of Coke Particles in a Fluidised Bed – Some Aspects of Kinetic Data Collection. I. Chem. E. Symposium Series, 87, 77-84.
[49] Tomé, N. P. (2011). Obtenção de Dados Cinéticos e Difusivos para a Queima de Biomassa de Origem Moçambicana. Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
[50] Chirone, R., Cammarota, A., D'Amore, M. and Massimilla, L. (1982). Elutriation of Attrited Carbon Fines in Fluidized Combustion of Coal. Nineteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion, 1283.
[51] Silva, M. V., Ferreira, V. and Pinho, C. (2021). Determination of biomass combustion rate in a domestic fixed bed boiler. AIMS Energy, 9(5), 1067–1096.
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